WESTERN BALKANS
NORTH MACEDONIA
North Macedonia became a GCERF partner country in 2020. GCERF invested USD 12.6 million supporting 12 civil society organisations to strengthen rehabilitation and reintegration (R&R) efforts for returnees from foreign conflict zones.
- North-eastern region
- Polog
- Skopje
- South-western region
Background & Context
Understanding Violent
Extremism in North Macedonia
Almost 100 people returned to North Macedonia from foreign conflicts, particularly from Syria and Iraq. Political instability and inadequate reconciliation caused by previous conflicts have polarised communities along ethnic, religious, and cultural lines. The situation in North Macedonia regarding violent extremism is determined by the country’s history of ethnic conflicts and by the ideologies to which ethnic Macedonians and ethnic Albanians have been exposed since the 2001 conflict. These factors have produced three types of extremist trends: ethno-nationalism, religiously motivated extremism, and violent right-wing extremism.
GCERF’s work in North Macedonia has achieved significant progress in supporting the reintegration and rehabilitation of returnees while strengthening community resilience against violent extremism. Through collaboration with local organisations, GCERF has facilitated essential individual and family counselling, fostering trust and open communication.
Key Drivers of Violent Extremism
Inter-ethnic tensions and polarisation
Inter-ethnic tensions and polarisation can drive violent extremism by deepening social divides and weakening trust between communities. This creates grievances and “us versus them” narratives that extremist actors can exploit to justify violence and recruitment.
Political instability and reconciliation Issues
Political instability and unresolved reconciliation issues can contribute to violent extremism by weakening trust in institutions and sustaining historical grievances between communities. This creates fertile ground for polarisation and allows extremist narratives to exploit unresolved tensions and dissatisfaction.
Limited employment opportunities and social exclusion
Limited employment opportunities and social exclusion can drive violent extremism by increasing feelings of frustration, marginalisation, and lack of future prospects, particularly among youth. These conditions can make individuals more vulnerable to extremist narratives that offer identity, purpose, or belonging.
Results at a Glance
Key Results
Investment & grant figures updated May 2026 · Programme results updated December 2025