East and Southern Africa
SOMALIA
GCERF became active in Somalia in 2021 and has invested USD 5 million to date to support community-based efforts to prevent violent extremism. Somalia has faced the challenges of terrorism and violent extremism for many years. Despite notable progress over the past five years, terrorism and violent extremism continue to pose significant threats to human and national security, with Somalia ranking seventh among countries most affected by terrorism in the 2025 Global Terrorism Index.
- Bakool
- Bay
- Lower Shabelle
Background & Context
Understanding Violent
Extremism in Somalia
For decades, Somalia has faced persistent threats from terrorism and violent extremism, largely driven by the continued presence of Al-Shabaab, prolonged political instability, weak state institutions, and limited access to services in many parts of the country. These factors have contributed to insecurity, displacement, and reduced trust in government institutions, creating conditions that extremist groups continue to exploit. Despite progress made in recent years, Somalia remains heavily affected by terrorism and ranked seventh globally in the 2025 Global Terrorism Index.
Since becoming active in Somalia in 2021, GCERF has invested USD 5 million to support locally led initiatives aimed at strengthening community resilience and preventing violent extremism.
GCERF'S UNIQUE INVESTMENT MODEL
Country
Support Mechanism
GCERF pioneers a unique model of investment designed to promote a whole-of-society approach and ensure the sustainability of our programmes. Under this model, in each partner country, we support national governments in establishing a steering committee called the Country Support Mechanism (CSM).
In Somalia, the CSM is chaired by the Tubsan National Centre for PCVE. GCERF is collaborating with the Federal Government of Somalia (FGS) and the Federal Member States (FMS) of Hirshabelle and South West to support the implementation of Somalia’s National Strategy on Preventing Violent Extremism (PVE). Our current focus is on reducing factors that contribute to VE by enhancing community resilience, especially in areas recently liberated.
Key Drivers of Violent Extremism
Limited economic opportunities
High poverty and unemployment leave many youth without viable livelihoods, increasing their vulnerability to recruitment by non-state armed groups, including VE organisations.
Perceived marginalisation
Feeling of exclusion can weaken trust in state institutions and increase vulnerability to extremist narratives that exploit grievances and claims of injustice.
Governance and security challenges
Violent extremism (VE) is strongly linked to weak state institutions and limited government presence across much of the territory. These governance gaps reduce access to basic services and security, creating space for armed groups to operate.
Results at a Glance
Key Results
Investment & grant figures updated May 2026 · Programme results updated December 2025